Industrial Biotechnology

This specialization covers biology as a manufacturing route: industrially useful microorganisms and enzymes, enzyme production, immobilisation and engineering, fermentation-derived products including antibiotics, organic acids, amino acids, vitamins and single cell protein, biofuels and biopolymers, biotransformation as an alternative to chemical synthesis, and bioremediation. Process economics decides which of these is viable, so it is studied alongside the biology.